WhenAtlas · The Historical AtlasHistory in MotionReading edition

Person · 214 – 275

Aurelian

奥勒良

Person · 214 – 275 · Year precision · 44.97° N, 19.61° E

Aurelian (c. 214 – 275) was Roman emperor from 270 to 275 and one of the soldiers who rebuilt the empire after the crisis of the third century. Born at Sirmium or in its region, he rose through the army and was proclaimed emperor after the death of Claudius Gothicus. He defeated the Goths, Vandals and Juthungi, then turned west to recover the breakaway Gallic Empire and east to defeat Zenobia's Palmyrene regime, reuniting the empire by 274. He also restored the Rhine and Danube frontier, defeated a Gothic invasion, and began the withdrawal from Dacia, which he abandoned to the Goths. His reign was short but symbolic: he surrounded Rome with the Aurelian Walls, reformed the coinage, and promoted the cult of Sol Invictus as a unifying imperial religion. He was assassinated by his own officers in 275 while preparing a campaign against Persia. Later emperors, especially Diocletian, built on his military and administrative recovery.

Key facts

  • c. 214 – 275; emperor 270–275
  • Reunited the empire by defeating Palmyra and the Gallic Empire
  • Built the Aurelian Walls around Rome
  • Promoted Sol Invictus as a unifying cult
  • Assassinated by officers in 275

Record

Born: Sirmium, Pannonia · Died: Caenophrurium, near Byzantium

Rank: Roman emperor

Offices

  • Commander of the cavalry (c. 268–270)
  • Emperor (270–275)

Notable works

  • Aurelian Walls
  • Sol Invictus cult
  • Coinage reform

Sources

  1. Wikidata Q46780 — AurelianCC0-1.0
  2. Aurelian — WikipediaCC-BY-SA-4.0
CiteWhenAtlas — History in Motion, “Aurelian” (2026). https://whenatlas.com/entity/person.q46780

Reuse this data: open dataset (GeoJSON / CSV, CC BY 4.0)

Advertisement