Emirate of Transjordan

The Emirate of Transjordan was an autonomous Arab state east of the Jordan River created in 1921 under the British mandate for Palestine. After the Ottoman defeat, the region briefly belonged to Faisal's Arab Kingdom of Syria; when France destroyed that kingdom at Maysalun in July 1920, Transjordan became a political vacuum. Abdullah bin Hussein entered with a small force in November 1920 and occupied Amman in March 1921. At the Cairo Conference that spring Britain agreed that he should administer the territory under the mandate, and Article 25 of the Palestine Mandate excluded Transjordan from the provisions on a Jewish national home. Abdullah ruled from Amman with British advisers, a small Arab Legion and subsidies from London, while the population remained largely rural and tribal. The emirate was recognised as the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan on 25 May 1946, and full independence followed on 17 June when the Treaty of London was ratified. After annexing the West Bank in 1950 it was renamed the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.