Lodi dynasty

The Lodi dynasty was the fifth and last dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, ruling from 1451 to 1526. It was founded by Bahlul Lodi, an Afghan noble of the Lodi tribe who had risen through service in the Punjab and replaced the Sayyid dynasty. Bahlul spent much of his reign fighting the Sharqi sultans of Jaunpur, whom he eventually defeated, and he brought much of northern India under his authority. His son Sikandar Lodi, who ruled from 1489 to 1517, moved the centre of government to Agra, founded the city anew and reorganized the administration and revenue system; he is also remembered for his campaigns in Bihar, Bengal and Malwa. The last sultan, Ibrahim Lodi, faced a coalition of Afghan nobles and the governor of Punjab, who invited the Timurid prince Babur to intervene. At the First Battle of Panipat in April 1526, Babur's artillery and tactics defeated the much larger Lodi army and Ibrahim was killed, ending the Delhi Sultanate and founding the Mughal Empire. The Lodis built tombs and mosques in Delhi and Agra that mark the transition from Sultanate to Mughal architecture.