Balhae

Balhae, also called Parhae or Bohai, was a multiethnic kingdom in Northeast Asia that existed from 698 to 926. It was founded by Dae Jo-yeong, a former Goguryeo general, with support from Goguryeo refugees and Mohe tribes after the fall of Goguryeo. The kingdom was first called Jin, and in 713 the Tang dynasty recognized its ruler as Prince of Bohai; in 762 the Tang elevated Balhae to a kingdom. Balhae adopted Tang-style institutions, including the Three Departments and Six Ministries, a national academy and a five-capital system. Its territory at its height covered modern Northeast China, the northern Korean Peninsula and the southern Russian Far East. The capital moved several times, settling at Shangjing in 794. Balhae traded and exchanged envoys with Tang China and Japan, and its culture combined Goguryeo, Mohe and Tang elements. The Khitan-led Liao dynasty conquered Balhae in 926 after besieging Shangjing, and the kingdom was replaced by the short-lived Dongdan state. Former Balhae elites and populations dispersed into Goryeo, Liao and later Jin society.