Polity · 996 – present
Austria
奥地利
Polity · 996 – present · Century precision · 48.21° N, 16.37° E
Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is the Alpine federation of Central Europe, nine states round the capital Vienna, nine million people between Germany, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Celts and Romans held the ground before Bavarian marches of the Holy Roman Empire; a frontier march became a Duchy in 1156 and an Archduchy in 1453, and Habsburg dukes made Vienna an imperial capital. Dissolution of the old Reich in 1806 left the Austrian Empire of 1804 standing, a great power until Königgrätz and the loss of Italy forced the Compromise of 1867 and the Dual Monarchy. Franz Ferdinand's murder in 1914 drew Franz Joseph's declaration on Serbia and the world war that unmade the empire; the republic proclaimed in 1918 kept only the German Alpine core. Dollfuss and Schuschnigg held the rump against Nazis and Heimwehr until the Anschluss of 1938 swallowed it into Germany, to be restored only in 1945.
Key facts
- Austria grew from the Eastern March into a Duchy in 1156 and an Archduchy in 1453, heartland of the Habsburgs
- Vienna served as the Holy Roman Empire's administrative capital while Austria became a great European power
- The empire of 1804 gave way to Austria-Hungary in 1867 after the defeats of the 1860s
- Franz Joseph's declaration of war on Serbia in 1914 escalated into the First World War
- Collapse in 1918 brought the First Austrian Republic; the Anschluss of 1938 ended it until 1945
Record
Notable figures
- Maria Theresa
- Klemens von Metternich
- Franz Joseph I of Austria
Sources
Single source — details may be incomplete.
- Wikidata Q40 — AustriaCC0-1.0
Reuse this data: open dataset (GeoJSON / CSV, CC BY 4.0)