Galuh Kingdom

Galuh was a Sundanese Hindu kingdom in the eastern part of Tatar Sunda, in what is now West Java and the Banyumasan region. Tradition makes it a breakaway from Tarumanagara around 669, when its ruler Wretikandayun separated from the Sunda kingdom and, with support from Kalingga, secured a division of the old Taruma realm along the Citarum River. Its territory stretched from the Citarum west to the Cipamali and Cisarayu rivers. The first capital was at Karangkamulyan in Ciamis Regency; the court later moved to Saunggalah, Kuningan and finally Kawali, north of present-day Ciamis. Galuh was closely tied to the neighbouring Sunda kingdom, and the two were at times united. Its history is known mainly from Sundanese legends, the Carita Parahyangan and later manuscripts, while the Astana Gede inscription at Kawali is its only surviving stone record. Around 1482 Galuh was absorbed into the Sunda kingdom, whose capital later moved to Pakuan Pajajaran.