Ruanda-Urundi

Ruanda-Urundi — later Rwanda-Burundi — was a mandate and later trust territory ruled by Belgium between 1916 and 1962, the central African territory shown on the map. Once part of German East Africa, the region was occupied by troops from the Belgian Congo in the East African campaign of the First World War; it was administered by Belgium under military occupation from 1916 to 1922, and was subsequently awarded to Belgium as a Class-B Mandate under the League of Nations in 1922, becoming a Trust Territory of the United Nations in the aftermath of the Second World War and the dissolution of the League. The territory's two kingdoms, Rwanda and Burundi, kept their kings under the Belgian administration, and Usumbura — today's Bujumbura — grew as the territorial capital on Lake Tanganyika. Later known as Rwanda-Burundi, the territory was governed from Brussels through the Resident and his deputies, with the mandate system keeping the two monarchies intact through the Second World War. In 1962 Ruanda-Urundi was separated into the independent states of Rwanda and Burundi, ending the Belgian trust.